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Powassan virus
Powassan virus is a virus transmitted by ticks. The disease it causes is named after the town of Powassan, Ontario, where it was identified in a young boy who eventually died from it.
==Vectors==
The Powassan Virus (POWV) is normally found in the warm climate across Eurasia where it is part of the TBE-complex. The disease also exists in North America and can be transmitted with bites from the following species of Ixodes ticks: ''Ix. cookei'', ''Ix scapularis'', ''Ix. marxi'', ''Ix spinipalpus''. The Dermacentor ticks, ''Dermacentor andersonii'' and ''Dermacentor variabilis'' are also vectors of the POWV.〔>〕 There are a total of 6 known species of tick that act as vectors, with ''Ixodes cookei'' being the predominant species in Canada and the Northeastern United States and ''Ix. scapularis'' as a significant vector in Minnesota and Wisconsin.〔 There are rare cases in which ''Ix. cookei'' attaches to humans, and as a result the case-patients with POWV have been mostly confirmed as having the strain of POWV, the Deer tick virus (DTV). The Deer Tick Virus plays a vital role in maintaining the POWV and is vectored by ''Ix. scapularis''.〔 ''Ix. scapularis'' is an important vector of the enzootic transmission cycle of the Deer Tick Virus.〔 ''Ix. scapularis'' is also a primary vector for the agent of Lyme disease because they are a generalist feeder and readily bite humans. The Powassan virus is transmitted by ticks among small mammals in eastern Canada and the United States, where it has been responsible for 49 deaths in the U.S. between 2000–2011. In North America, the Powassan Virus has been noted as the only tick-borne Flavivirus with human pathogenicity so far.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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